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When Bibi Aisha’s nose and ears were cut off by her husband and her in-laws, no one ever expected much to be done about it, especially because it happened in a remote area under Taliban control.

Thanks to support from aid groups and the American Embassy in Kabul, and the charity of a hospital in southern California, Aisha was whisked off to the United States for reconstructive surgery, and everyone assumed it was case closed on the perpetrators.

Now it appears that, while Afghan law enforcement did not have a long enough arm to reach into the village that Aisha had fled, the police nonetheless did have long memories, and this week arrested one of the suspects.

“It would have taken 100 armored vehicles to go in there to that village,” said the district police chief, Mohammed Gul. Sooner or later, though, everyone in the area comes to the bazaar in Chora district, in south-central Oruzgan Province. When Aisha’s father-in-law Sulaiman showed up, police were waiting.

According to Mr. Gul’s account, the suspect spotted the police at the same time as they spotted him, and made a run for it. Officers chased him on foot and ran him down a mile and a quarter later, he said.

Aisha’s case came to prominence in August when Time Magazine used a picture of her on its cover, with the suggestion that this is what would happen if the West leaves Afghanistan. A child bride, Aisha had fled her arranged marriage to a Taliban fighter, but was captured and returned to the village, where her husband, father-in-law and brother-in-law carried out the mutilation, after approval by the local Taliban mullah. Left for dead, she said, she then fled to the safety of a women’s shelter in Kabul run by Women for Afghan Women, which publicized her plight a year later.

Mr. Gul said Mr. Sulaiman, who like many Afghans has only one name, confessed to participating in the disfigurement.

He credited an unusual campaign from higher police officials pressing his department into trying to apprehend the perpetrators. “I had 15 letters and warrants come down for them,” he said.

“This was a case of persistence and diligence by our police,” said Zemarai Bashary, the spokesman for the Ministry of Interior. “The M.O.I. was very involved in pushing this case after we received a complaint from the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission.”

The provincial police chief in Oruzgan was scathing in denouncing the crime and its perpetrators. “Sulaiman pointed a gun at her head while the other men, his sons, sliced off her nose,” said Brig. Gen. Juma Gul Himat. “Sulaiman then took her amputated nose and proudly showed it off around the village.”

It is rare for the police in Afghanistan to intervene when local villagers impose punishments for social crimes, even severe ones such as flogging and stoning, which are allowed under Shariah law. There is no Shariah law provision, however, for cutting off nose and ears of a runaway child bride.

“This is against Afghan-ism, against Afghan and Shariah laws, against every principle in the world, against humanity, so that’s why we wanted to bring him to justice,” said General Himat. He said police knew Mr. Sulaiman well as an associate of what he called terrorists, but that the police had not hunted him down for that.

“He made a big mistake,” the general said. “He disfigured a creature of God and he was proud of what he had done.”

Aisha’s father, Haji Muhammed Zai, reached by telephone, confirmed that he had agreed to the betrothal of Aisha and her younger sister to Mr. Sulaiman’s family members, in payment of what is called “baad,” a customary obligation owed by his own family. It is a common practice in rural areas. Both were infants when they were engaged.

He insisted, however, that he has not as yet turned over the younger daughter, who is now 12, to consummate the marriage contract.

“I will never forgive them for what they have committed against my daughter,” Mr. Zai said. “I am serious to punish them so I want her back in the country to testify.”

Aisha, who is now 20, is living in Brooklyn while she gets treatment for emotional problems from her ordeal. Doctors at the Grossman Burn Foundation in California said they feel that is necessary before she can have reconstructive surgery there, according to Manizha Naderi, the head of Women for Afghan Women, which has offices in Brooklyn and Kabul. So far, Aisha has been given a prosthetic nose as a temporary measure.

“She’s not coming back to Afghanistan to testify,” Ms. Naderi said. “We won’t put Aisha in danger like this. Nobody will guarantee her security in Afghanistan if she comes back.”

In addition, she added, Aisha’s father was himself responsible for returning her to her in-laws after she ran away. “He should have known that she would either be killed or injured when she was given back.”

Ms. Naderi expressed satisfaction that some arrest had been made, but added, “It’s definitely not the end. The end would be when her husband and brother-in-law are also arrested.”

“This arrest gives hope to all Afghan women that their perpetrators will be brought to justice, that sooner or later criminals will be punished,” she said.

“I regret what I did now, sending her back,” Mr. Zai, Aisha’s father said. “I only wanted to try to have good relations with their family despite their bad behavior, so I sent her back to them.”

Like his daughter, Mr. Zai, too, is a refugee now, in Tirin Kot, the capital of Oruzgan Province. After the Sulaiman arrest, which took place two weeks ago, “I left our village because I was afraid of retaliation,” he said. “We are very tired, we have left everything behind, land, orchards and home.”